chore: sync konduit-platform v0.1.0-beta.3

docs/gui-quickstart-linux.md

@@ -22,7 +22,10 @@ No installation required. The AppImage is self-contained.
 
 ## 4. Load your config
 
-Your server administrator will provide a `client.toml` config file. On first launch, tap **Open config** and select the file.
+Your server administrator will provide either a `client.toml` config file or a QR code image.
+
+- **TOML config:** your administrator will provide a `client.toml` file. Open it in a text editor and enter the server address, port, and key values into the corresponding fields in the app.
+- **QR code:** tap **Scan QR code** and point the camera at the QR code image, or use **Import QR image** to select an image file from disk.
 
 ## 5. Privileges
 
@@ -58,4 +61,6 @@ sudo dnf install fuse
 
 **"Failed to create TUN device"** — the capability was not granted. Run the `setcap` command from step 5 and relaunch.
 
-**Config not found on relaunch** — the app remembers the last config path. If you move the file, use **Open config** again to reselect it.
+**Connection fails immediately** — check that the server address, port, and key values in the app match what your administrator provided. Contact your administrator if you are unsure.
+
+**Config lost on relaunch** — re-enter your connection details or scan the QR code again.

docs/gui-quickstart-windows.md

@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@ Windows will show a **UAC prompt** asking for administrator permission. This is
 
 ## 4. Load your config
 
-Your server administrator will provide a `client.toml` config file. On first launch, tap **Open config** and select the file.
+Your server administrator will provide either a `client.toml` config file or a QR code image.
+
+- **TOML config:** your administrator will provide a `client.toml` file. Open it in a text editor and enter the server address, port, and key values into the corresponding fields in the app.
+- **QR code:** tap **Import QR image** and select the QR code image file from disk.
 
 ## 5. Connect
 
@@ -57,6 +60,6 @@ Win + R → shell:startup → paste shortcut here
 
 **"wintun.dll not found"** — `Konduit.exe` and `wintun.dll` must be in the same folder. Do not move them separately.
 
-**Connection fails immediately** — check that your `client.toml` points to the correct server address and port. Contact your server administrator if you are unsure.
+**Connection fails immediately** — check that the server address, port, and key values in the app match what your administrator provided. Contact your administrator if you are unsure.
 
 **Tray icon disappears unexpectedly** — the app may have crashed. Check Windows Event Viewer or relaunch `Konduit.exe`.

konduit-platform/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "konduit-platform"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version.workspace = true
 edition = "2021"
 authors = ["Eugen Kaparulin <e.kaparulin@gmail.com>"]
 license = "PolyForm-Noncommercial-1.0.0"
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ windows = { version = "0.52", features = [
     "Win32_Networking_WinSock",
 ] }
 ipconfig = "0.3"
+wintun = "0.3"
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies]
 system-configuration = "0.5"

konduit-platform/src/dns/windows.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 use super::DnsState;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use std::net::IpAddr;
+use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
+use tracing::info;
+
+const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x0800_0000;
 
 pub async fn set_dns(
     interface: &str,
@@ -8,92 +12,57 @@ pub async fn set_dns(
     dns_servers: &[IpAddr],
     state: &mut DnsState,
 ) -> Result<()> {
-    // Windows implementation using windows-rs crate
-    // Note: This logic runs within unsafe blocks as it calls Win32 APIs
+    if dns_servers.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
 
-    use std::ffi::c_void;
-    use windows::Win32::Foundation::NO_ERROR;
-    use windows::Win32::NetworkManagement::IpHelper::{
-        SetInterfaceDnsSettings, DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS, DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS_FLAGS,
-        DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS_VERSION1, DNS_SETTING_NAMESERVER,
+    let addrs: Vec<String> = dns_servers.iter().map(|ip| ip.to_string()).collect();
+    let addrs_str = addrs.join(",");
+
+    let iface_arg = if let Some(idx) = if_index {
+        format!("-InterfaceIndex {}", idx)
+    } else {
+        format!("-InterfaceAlias '{}'", interface)
     };
 
-    // We need the Interface LUID (Locally Unique Identifier) or Index/GUID.
-    // The user provided `interface` string might be a GUID or friendly name.
-    // If if_index is provided, that's easier for some APIs.
+    info!("Setting DNS on {} to {}", interface, addrs_str);
 
-    // Convert IP addresses to wide string (UTF-16) comma-separated
-    let mut dns_str = String::new();
-    for (i, ip) in dns_servers.iter().enumerate() {
-        if i > 0 {
-            dns_str.push(',');
-        }
-        dns_str.push_str(&ip.to_string());
-    }
-    let dns_wide: Vec<u16> = dns_str.encode_utf16().chain(std::iter::once(0)).collect();
-
-    if let Some(idx) = if_index {
-        // Find existing settings to backup?
-        // Windows doesn't make it easy to "get current and restore later" without some work.
-        // For simplicity, we assume we can just clear settings on restore.
-    }
-
-    /*
-       Implementation note:
-       Since we cannot easily compile this on Linux to verify, we outline the logic.
-       Real implementation would need `GetInterfaceDnsSettings` to backup state.
-    */
-
-    tracing::info!(
-        "Setting DNS on Windows for interface {}: {:?}",
-        interface,
-        dns_servers
+    let script = format!(
+        "Set-DnsClientServerAddress {} -ServerAddresses {}",
+        iface_arg, addrs_str
     );
+    let status = std::process::Command::new("powershell")
+        .args(["-NoProfile", "-NonInteractive", "-Command", &script])
+        .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+        .status()?;
 
-    /*
-    unsafe {
-        let mut settings = DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS {
-            Version: DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS_VERSION1,
-            Flags: DNS_SETTING_NAMESERVER,
-            NameServer: windows::core::PCWSTR(dns_wide.as_ptr()),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-
-        let guid = windows::core::GUID::from(interface)?; // Assuming interface is a GUID string
-
-        let result = SetInterfaceDnsSettings(guid, &mut settings);
-        if result != NO_ERROR {
-             anyhow::bail!("Failed to set DNS: {:?}", result);
-        }
+    if !status.success() {
+        anyhow::bail!("PowerShell failed to set DNS on {}", interface);
     }
-    */
-
-    // For now, since we can't test, we log a limitation
-    tracing::warn!("Windows DNS setting logic placeholder");
 
     state.configured = true;
     Ok(())
 }
 
 pub async fn restore(
-    _interface: &str,
-    _if_index: Option<u32>,
-    _state: &mut DnsState,
+    interface: &str,
+    if_index: Option<u32>,
+    state: &mut DnsState,
 ) -> Result<()> {
-    tracing::info!("Restoring DNS on Windows...");
+    info!("Restoring DNS on {} to automatic", interface);
 
-    // Clear custom DNS settings (return to DHCP?)
-    /*
-    unsafe {
-         let mut settings = DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS {
-            Version: DNS_INTERFACE_SETTINGS_VERSION1,
-            Flags: DNS_SETTING_NAMESERVER,
-            NameServer: windows::core::PCWSTR::null(),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        // Call SetInterfaceDnsSettings with empty NameServer or appropriate flags
-    }
-    */
+    let iface_arg = if let Some(idx) = if_index {
+        format!("-InterfaceIndex {}", idx)
+    } else {
+        format!("-InterfaceAlias '{}'", interface)
+    };
 
+    let script = format!("Set-DnsClientServerAddress {} -ResetServerAddresses", iface_arg);
+    let _ = std::process::Command::new("powershell")
+        .args(["-NoProfile", "-NonInteractive", "-Command", &script])
+        .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+        .status();
+
+    state.configured = false;
     Ok(())
 }

konduit-platform/src/routes/mod.rs

@@ -7,3 +7,8 @@ pub use linux::RouteManager;
 mod macos;
 #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
 pub use macos::MacOsNetManager;
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+mod windows;
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+pub use windows::RouteManager;

konduit-platform/src/routes/windows.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+use anyhow::Result;
+use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr};
+use std::os::windows::process::CommandExt;
+use tracing::{info, warn};
+
+const CREATE_NO_WINDOW: u32 = 0x0800_0000;
+
+use crate::dns::DnsManager;
+
+pub struct RouteManager {
+    tun_interface: String,
+    dns_manager: DnsManager,
+    tun_routes: Vec<(Ipv4Addr, u8)>,
+    server_ip: Option<Ipv4Addr>,
+    wifi_gateway: Option<Ipv4Addr>,
+}
+
+impl RouteManager {
+    pub async fn new(tun_interface: String) -> Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            dns_manager: DnsManager::new(
+                tun_interface.clone(),
+                None,
+                IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED),
+            ),
+            tun_interface,
+            tun_routes: Vec::new(),
+            server_ip: None,
+            wifi_gateway: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn get_default_gateway() -> Result<Ipv4Addr> {
+        let adapters = ipconfig::get_adapters()
+            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to enumerate adapters: {}", e))?;
+        for adapter in &adapters {
+            for gw in adapter.gateways() {
+                if let IpAddr::V4(gw4) = gw {
+                    if !gw4.is_loopback() && !gw4.is_unspecified() {
+                        return Ok(*gw4);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        anyhow::bail!("No default gateway found")
+    }
+
+    fn prefix_to_mask(prefix: u8) -> Ipv4Addr {
+        let bits = if prefix == 0 {
+            0u32
+        } else {
+            !0u32 << (32 - prefix)
+        };
+        let [a, b, c, d] = bits.to_be_bytes();
+        Ipv4Addr::new(a, b, c, d)
+    }
+
+    // Add/delete server host route through WiFi gateway via `route` command.
+    // Specifying gateway on delete ensures we only remove our entry, not any other path.
+    fn wifi_route_add(dest: Ipv4Addr, prefix: u8, gateway: Ipv4Addr) {
+        let mask = Self::prefix_to_mask(prefix);
+        let out = std::process::Command::new("route")
+            .args([
+                "add",
+                &dest.to_string(),
+                "MASK",
+                &mask.to_string(),
+                &gateway.to_string(),
+                "METRIC",
+                "1",
+            ])
+            .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+            .output();
+        match out {
+            Ok(o) => {
+                let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&o.stdout);
+                if !o.status.success() {
+                    // "already exists" is acceptable — a previous run may have left it
+                    warn!("route add {}/{} via {}: {}", dest, prefix, gateway, stdout.trim());
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => warn!("route add {}/{} via {}: {}", dest, prefix, gateway, e),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn wifi_route_delete(dest: Ipv4Addr, prefix: u8, gateway: Ipv4Addr) {
+        let mask = Self::prefix_to_mask(prefix);
+        let _ = std::process::Command::new("route")
+            .args([
+                "delete",
+                &dest.to_string(),
+                "MASK",
+                &mask.to_string(),
+                &gateway.to_string(),
+            ])
+            .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+            .status();
+    }
+
+    // Add/delete routes through the TUN interface using netsh.
+    //
+    // `netsh interface ipv4 add route` binds routes to a named interface explicitly,
+    // avoiding the gateway-resolution ambiguity of the `route` command and ensuring
+    // cleanup never touches WiFi routing state.
+    fn tun_route_add(tun_name: &str, dest: Ipv4Addr, prefix: u8) {
+        let prefix_str = format!("{}/{}", dest, prefix);
+        let out = std::process::Command::new("netsh")
+            .args([
+                "interface",
+                "ipv4",
+                "add",
+                "route",
+                &prefix_str,
+                tun_name,
+                "nexthop=0.0.0.0",
+                "metric=1",
+                "store=active",
+            ])
+            .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+            .output();
+        match out {
+            Ok(o) => {
+                let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&o.stdout);
+                if o.status.success() {
+                    info!("Added TUN route {}/{}", dest, prefix);
+                } else {
+                    warn!("netsh add route {}/{} on {}: {}", dest, prefix, tun_name, stdout.trim());
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => warn!("netsh add route {}/{} on {}: {}", dest, prefix, tun_name, e),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn tun_route_delete(tun_name: &str, dest: Ipv4Addr, prefix: u8) {
+        let prefix_str = format!("{}/{}", dest, prefix);
+        let out = std::process::Command::new("netsh")
+            .args([
+                "interface",
+                "ipv4",
+                "delete",
+                "route",
+                &prefix_str,
+                tun_name,
+            ])
+            .creation_flags(CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+            .output();
+        match out {
+            Ok(o) => {
+                let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&o.stdout);
+                if !o.status.success() {
+                    warn!(
+                        "netsh delete route {}/{} on {}: {}",
+                        dest,
+                        prefix,
+                        tun_name,
+                        stdout.trim()
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => warn!("netsh delete route {}/{} on {}: {}", dest, prefix, tun_name, e),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn setup_vpn_routes(
+        &mut self,
+        server_addr: &str,
+        _vpn_gateway: IpAddr,
+        routes: &[String],
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        info!("Setting up Windows VPN routes...");
+
+        let current_gateway = Self::get_default_gateway()?;
+        info!("Current gateway: {}", current_gateway);
+
+        let server_ip: Ipv4Addr = {
+            let host = server_addr.split(':').next().unwrap_or(server_addr);
+            if let Ok(IpAddr::V4(v4)) = host.parse::<IpAddr>() {
+                v4
+            } else {
+                let addrs = tokio::net::lookup_host(format!("{}:0", host)).await?;
+                match addrs.map(|a| a.ip()).next() {
+                    Some(IpAddr::V4(v4)) => v4,
+                    _ => anyhow::bail!("Could not resolve server address to IPv4"),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Always record server + gateway so cleanup can delete the host route
+        // even if the add below fails because the route already exists.
+        self.server_ip = Some(server_ip);
+        self.wifi_gateway = Some(current_gateway);
+        Self::wifi_route_add(server_ip, 32, current_gateway);
+
+        let is_full_tunnel = routes.iter().any(|r| r == "0.0.0.0/0");
+
+        if is_full_tunnel {
+            // Two /1 routes on the TUN interface cover the entire address space and
+            // always beat the existing WiFi /0 default route regardless of metric.
+            // netsh with explicit interface name avoids gateway-resolution ambiguity.
+            info!("Full-tunnel mode: adding /1 cover routes on {}...", self.tun_interface);
+            let lower = Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+            let upper = Ipv4Addr::new(128, 0, 0, 0);
+            Self::tun_route_add(&self.tun_interface, lower, 1);
+            self.tun_routes.push((lower, 1));
+            Self::tun_route_add(&self.tun_interface, upper, 1);
+            self.tun_routes.push((upper, 1));
+        } else {
+            info!("Split-tunnel mode: adding {} routes via TUN...", routes.len());
+            for route_str in routes {
+                let Some((dest_str, prefix_str)) = route_str.split_once('/') else {
+                    warn!("Invalid route format: {}", route_str);
+                    continue;
+                };
+                let Ok(dest) = dest_str.parse::<Ipv4Addr>() else {
+                    warn!("Invalid route destination: {}", dest_str);
+                    continue;
+                };
+                let Ok(prefix_len) = prefix_str.parse::<u8>() else {
+                    warn!("Invalid prefix length: {}", prefix_str);
+                    continue;
+                };
+                Self::tun_route_add(&self.tun_interface, dest, prefix_len);
+                self.tun_routes.push((dest, prefix_len));
+                info!("Added split-tunnel route: {}", route_str);
+            }
+        }
+
+        info!("Windows VPN routes configured");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn setup_dns(&mut self, dns_servers: &[IpAddr], assigned_ip: IpAddr) -> Result<()> {
+        if dns_servers.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        self.dns_manager = DnsManager::new(self.tun_interface.clone(), None, assigned_ip);
+        self.dns_manager.set_dns(dns_servers).await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn restore_dns(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        self.dns_manager.restore().await
+    }
+
+    pub async fn ensure_server_route(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        if let (Some(server_ip), Some(gateway)) = (self.server_ip, self.wifi_gateway) {
+            Self::wifi_route_add(server_ip, 32, gateway);
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn suspend_default_route(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        let lower = Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+        if !self.tun_routes.contains(&(lower, 1)) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        for (dest, prefix) in [(lower, 1u8), (Ipv4Addr::new(128, 0, 0, 0), 1u8)] {
+            Self::tun_route_delete(&self.tun_interface, dest, prefix);
+        }
+        info!("VPN cover routes suspended — traffic falls to WiFi during reconnect");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn resume_default_route(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        let lower = Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+        if !self.tun_routes.contains(&(lower, 1)) {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+        let upper = Ipv4Addr::new(128, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (dest, prefix) in [(lower, 1u8), (upper, 1u8)] {
+            Self::tun_route_add(&self.tun_interface, dest, prefix);
+        }
+        info!("VPN cover routes restored after reconnect");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub async fn restore_routes(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+        info!("Removing {} tracked VPN routes...", self.tun_routes.len());
+        for (dest, prefix) in self.tun_routes.drain(..) {
+            Self::tun_route_delete(&self.tun_interface, dest, prefix);
+        }
+        // Always clean up the server host route — a previous unclean exit may have
+        // left it behind even if our add was skipped.
+        if let (Some(server_ip), Some(gateway)) = (self.server_ip.take(), self.wifi_gateway.take()) {
+            Self::wifi_route_delete(server_ip, 32, gateway);
+        }
+        info!("Windows VPN routes removed");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for RouteManager {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if !self.tun_routes.is_empty() {
+            warn!(
+                "RouteManager dropped with {} unrestored TUN routes — call restore_routes() before dropping",
+                self.tun_routes.len()
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}

konduit-platform/src/tun.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,26 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
-use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut};
+use bytes::Bytes;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
+use bytes::BytesMut;
 use std::net::IpAddr;
-use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
 use tokio::sync::mpsc;
-use tracing::{debug, error, info};
+use tracing::{error, info};
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+use tracing::debug;
+
+// Windows uses wintun directly to avoid the tun crate's poll_read bug, which spawns
+// a new OS thread on every Poll::Pending call, causing thread explosion and packet loss.
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 /// Interface to the TUN device
 pub struct TunDevice {
     pub name: String,
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
     device: tun::AsyncDevice,
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    session: Arc<wintun::Session>,
+    #[cfg_attr(target_os = "windows", allow(dead_code))]
     mtu: usize,
 }
 
@@ -79,6 +91,44 @@ impl TunDevice {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Create a new TUN device (Windows — uses WinTun directly for correct async behavior)
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    pub fn new(assigned_ip: IpAddr, mtu: usize) -> Result<Self> {
+        use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
+
+        const TUN_NAME: &str = "konduit";
+
+        let wintun = unsafe { wintun::load().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to load wintun: {}", e))? };
+        let adapter = match wintun::Adapter::open(&wintun, TUN_NAME) {
+            Ok(a) => a,
+            Err(_) => wintun::Adapter::create(&wintun, TUN_NAME, TUN_NAME, None)
+                .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to create WinTun adapter: {}", e))?,
+        };
+
+        let ip = match assigned_ip {
+            IpAddr::V4(v4) => v4,
+            IpAddr::V6(_) => anyhow::bail!("IPv6 not supported for TUN device on Windows"),
+        };
+        let mask = Ipv4Addr::new(255, 255, 255, 0);
+
+        adapter
+            .set_network_addresses_tuple(IpAddr::V4(ip), IpAddr::V4(mask), None)
+            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to set WinTun address: {}", e))?;
+
+        let session = Arc::new(
+            adapter
+                .start_session(wintun::MAX_RING_CAPACITY)
+                .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to start WinTun session: {}", e))?,
+        );
+
+        info!("Created TUN interface: {}", TUN_NAME);
+        Ok(Self {
+            name: TUN_NAME.to_string(),
+            session,
+            mtu,
+        })
+    }
+
     /// Create a new TUN device from file descriptor (Android / iOS)
     #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "ios"))]
     pub fn from_fd(fd: i32, mtu: usize) -> Result<Self> {
@@ -111,47 +161,58 @@ impl TunDevice {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Run the TUN device loop
+    /// Run the TUN device loop (Linux / macOS / Android / iOS — uses tokio AsyncRead/Write)
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
     pub async fn run(
         self,
-        mut from_tcp_rx: mpsc::Receiver<Bytes>, // Packets received from TCP to be written to TUN
-        to_tcp_tx: mpsc::Sender<Bytes>,         // Packets read from TUN to be sent to TCP
+        mut from_tcp_rx: mpsc::Receiver<Bytes>,
+        to_tcp_tx: mpsc::Sender<Bytes>,
     ) -> Result<()> {
+        use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
+
         info!("TUN device loop started");
 
         let (mut reader, mut writer) = tokio::io::split(self.device);
         let mtu = self.mtu;
 
-        loop {
-            // Buffer for reading from TUN
-            // We authorize up to MTU + overhead, but each read returns one packet.
-            let mut buf = BytesMut::with_capacity(mtu + 100);
+        // Separate reader task so writes never block reads.
+        let (tun_pkt_tx, mut tun_pkt_rx) = mpsc::channel::<Bytes>(64);
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            loop {
+                let mut buf = BytesMut::with_capacity(mtu + 100);
+                match reader.read_buf(&mut buf).await {
+                    Ok(0) => {
+                        info!("TUN device closed");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    Ok(_) => {
+                        if tun_pkt_tx.send(buf.freeze()).await.is_err() {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        error!("TUN read error: {}", e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        });
 
+        loop {
             tokio::select! {
-                // 1. Packet from TUN (needs to be sent to server)
-                res = reader.read_buf(&mut buf) => {
-                    match res {
-                        Ok(n) => {
-                            if n == 0 {
-                                info!("TUN device closed");
+                packet = tun_pkt_rx.recv() => {
+                    match packet {
+                        Some(pkt) => {
+                            if to_tcp_tx.send(pkt).await.is_err() {
                                 break;
                             }
-                            // Important: TUN read returns distinct packets.
-                            // We must send exactly this packet.
-                            let packet = buf.freeze(); // Consumes buf into Bytes
-
-                            if let Err(_) = to_tcp_tx.send(packet).await {
-                                break; // Channel closed
-                            }
                         }
-                        Err(e) => {
-                            error!("TUN read error: {}", e);
+                        None => {
+                            info!("TUN reader task exited");
                             break;
                         }
                     }
                 }
-
-                // 2. Packet from TCP (needs to be written to TUN)
                 Some(packet) = from_tcp_rx.recv() => {
                     if let Err(e) = writer.write_all(&packet).await {
                         error!("TUN write error: {}", e);
@@ -162,4 +223,72 @@ impl TunDevice {
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    /// Run the TUN device loop (Windows — uses wintun directly with a dedicated reader thread)
+    ///
+    /// The tun crate's Windows AsyncRead implementation spawns a new OS thread on every
+    /// Poll::Pending, causing thread explosion and ~80% packet loss under normal VPN load.
+    /// We bypass it by using a single dedicated blocking thread for wintun reads.
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    pub async fn run(
+        self,
+        mut from_tcp_rx: mpsc::Receiver<Bytes>,
+        to_tcp_tx: mpsc::Sender<Bytes>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        info!("TUN device loop started");
+
+        let session = self.session;
+        let reader_session = session.clone();
+
+        // One dedicated OS thread for blocking wintun reads.
+        // This avoids spawning a new thread per poll_read call.
+        let (read_tx, mut read_rx) = mpsc::channel::<Bytes>(64);
+        std::thread::spawn(move || loop {
+            match reader_session.receive_blocking() {
+                Ok(pkt) => {
+                    let bytes = Bytes::copy_from_slice(pkt.bytes());
+                    drop(pkt); // release ring buffer slot before blocking on channel send
+                    if read_tx.blocking_send(bytes).is_err() {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("WinTun receive error: {:?}", e);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        loop {
+            tokio::select! {
+                // WinTun → TCP channel
+                packet = read_rx.recv() => {
+                    match packet {
+                        Some(pkt) => {
+                            if to_tcp_tx.send(pkt).await.is_err() {
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        None => {
+                            info!("WinTun reader thread exited");
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // TCP channel → WinTun (send_packet is non-blocking ring-buffer op)
+                Some(packet) = from_tcp_rx.recv() => {
+                    match session.allocate_send_packet(packet.len() as u16) {
+                        Ok(mut send_pkt) => {
+                            send_pkt.bytes_mut().copy_from_slice(&packet);
+                            session.send_packet(send_pkt);
+                        }
+                        Err(e) => error!("WinTun allocate_send_packet error: {:?}", e),
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }